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FORMANT(I)

ANG: formant(s); NEM: Formant(en); FR: formant(s); IT: formante(i).

ET: Lat. formare = oblikovati; f. je FR-deležnik sedanjika glagola former = oblikovati.

D: 1) »Naziv za alikvotne (harmonične) tone, ki od drugih alikvotnih tonov v kakšnem kompleksnem zvoku odstopajo s svojo intenziteto oz. večjo amplitudo nihaja in tako temu zvoku določajo, formirajo njegovo barvo …« (‹MELZ›, I, 596)

1–A) Naziv za parcialne tone, ki se od drugih parcilanih tonov v kakšnem sestavljenem tonu/zvoku razlikujejo s svojo ojačano intenziteto zaradi resonance, tako da temu tonu/zvoku določajo, oblikujejejo njegovo barvo (gl. KR).

2) »(Naziv za) določena frekvenčna območja, v katerih se z resonanco ojačajo določeni parcialni toni, ki so bistvenega pomena za oblikovanje zvokov(n)e barve.« (‹HI›, 162)

KM: Variabilna forma III. Boulezove klavirske sonate temelji na možnostih kombiniranja razmerij med f. Tam so f. (tako kot tudi nazivi zanje: Antiphonie, Trope, Constellation, Strophe, Sequence) specifični pojmi v okviru terminologije Boulezove skladateljske teorije, tako da se po pomenu ne ujemajo s tu obravnavanim pojmom.

KR: D 1–A je »preurejena« (oziroma: popravljena) D 1. V njej »harmonijski toni« niso harmonijski, temveč harmonični. (Alikvotni toni so načeloma sopomenski s harmoničnimi toni v ožjem smislu, vendar f. niso samo harmonični toni, temveč tudi vsi drugi ­parciali, npr. tudi tisti neharmonični, ki formirajo šum oz. zvok zvona kot njegovo specifično zvočno barvo – gl. KR harmonija).

GL: filter formantov = filter zvokov(n)e barve, filter zvokov(n)e barve = filter formantov, sinusni nihaj, ton, val = (sinusni nihaj, ton, val) = (sinusni nihaj, ton, val), osnovni ton, ton, zvokov(n)a barva = (zvočna barva), zvočni spekter = (spekter) = (zvokovni spekter).

PRIM: alikvot(i), alikvotni ton(i), harmonija, harmonični ton(i), parcial(i), parcialni ton(i), delni ton(i).

‹BASS›, II, 261; ‹BKR›, II, 69; ‹CH›, 298; ‹DIB›, 325–326; ‹EH›, 98–99; ‹FR›, 31; ‹G›, 64; ‹GR›, 77; ‹GR6›, VI, 710–711; ‹HO›, 394; ‹IM›, 389; ‹L›, 207; ‹M›, 17; ‹MI›, II, 119; ‹P›, 85; ‹POU›, 201; ‹RAN›, 10–11; ‹RIC›, 11, 218 = vodilka k zvokovni barvi; ‹RL›, 296–297

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