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PENTATONIKA

ANG: pentatonic; NEM: Pentatonik; FR: pentaphonique, pentatonique; IT: pentafonica, pentatonica (po ‹MELZ›, III, 56; v ‹BR›, 134, je naveden samo pridevnik, ne samostalnik).

ET: Grš. pénte = pet; tonikós = napet, iz tónos = glas, zvok.

D: »(Naziv za) sistem tonov, ki je zasnovan na Iestvičnem nizu petih tonov (šesti ton je oktava prvega tona) … « (‹MELZ›, III, 56)

KR: V ‹MELZ›, Ill, 56, se navaja grš. »tónos«, čeprav je v p. predpona »penta-« pred osnovo »tonika«. Očitno ne gre za toniko kot naziv za prvo stopnjo dur-molove tonalitetne Iestvice, temveč za ton. Osnova (ton)ika, podobno kot pri kromatiki, sugerira celotni sistem. Nenavadnost naziva se kaže tudi v njegovih nenavadnih ustreznicah v tujih jezikih: v ‹P›, 230, se p. neomejeno enači s pentatonsko Iestvico, v ‹BR› in v ‹LEU› pojem sploh ne obstaja, v ‹L›, 426, se kot ANG-, FR- in IT-ustreznica NEM-pojma »Pentatonik« navaja pentatonska Iestvica, v ‹RAN›, 618, pa se navaja »pentatonic« kot samostalnik, ki je prav tako izenačen s pentatonsko Iestvico; v ‹HO›, 772, je naveden »pentatonique« kot samostalnik, s katerim se misli na sistem, v ‹MI›, III, 406, pa je »pentatonique« mišljen kot pridevnik, ki pomeni sistem; v ‹CAN›, 416–417, se namesto »pentatonique« priporoča »pentaphonique« – najbrž zato, da bi izognili namigovanju na toniko in izpostavitvi povezave s »petimi toni« (iz grš. phōn = glas, zvok) – ta oblika se sicer ni prijela, čeprav gre (samo) za pridevnik ob lestvici; tudi v ‹RIC›, III, 401, je predlagan pridevnik »pentafonica« (poleg »pentatonica«), tudi ob lestvici. P. je, kljub sugestiji tonike očitno prišla iz NEM in dobro jo je ohraniti kot naziv za sistem, v katerem je potem lestvica pentatonska lestvica. (gl. KR – t. e. 2 impresionizma ).

GL: sistem.

‹BKR›, III, 286; ‹DG›, 438 = pridevnik »pentatonica (scala)«; ‹GR›, 135–136 = pridevnik »pentatonic«; ‹GR6›, XIV, 353–354 = pridevnik »pentatonic«; ‹HI›, 348; ‹HK›, 277–278; ‹HO›, 772–773; ‹KN›, 150; ‹LARE›, 1210 = pridevnik »pentatonique«; ‹M›, 87; ‹MI›, Ill, 406–407 = pridevnik »pentatonique (système)«; ‹RAN›, 618; ‹RL›, 720–721

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